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BC aquifer 493 · bedrock · 809 km² · Central Kootenay
Aquifer 493: Salmo River Bedrock
Aquifer 493 (Salmo River Bedrock) is a fractured sedimentary rock aquifer of 809 km² in the Central Kootenay Regional District, mapped in 2024. The province rates its productivity moderate, its vulnerability to contamination from the surface high, and the demand on it moderate. 137 wells on record are linked to it; water-supply wells there are typically 61 m deep and tested at a median 30.3 L/min. It lies under Central Kootenay, Electoral Area G (87%), Central Kootenay, Electoral Area J (6%).
How the province rates it
Productivity moderate, vulnerability high, demand moderate.
| Rating | What it means | |
|---|---|---|
| Productivity how much water the aquifer gives up to wells, judged from well yields, the aquifer material and pumping tests | moderate | Middling yields: the guide's moderate band is medium sand, or typical well yields of about 0.3 to 3 L/s (18 to 180 L/min). |
| Vulnerability how easily something spilled at the ground surface could reach the water, judged from what lies above the aquifer and how deep the water is | high (class A) | Little natural protection (the guide's class A): a shallow water table or sand and gravel above it lets surface water and spills soak down quickly. |
| Demand how much the aquifer is used now, judged from the number and density of wells and what they're used for | moderate | Moderately used: about 4 to 20 domestic wells per km² where homes rely on private wells. |
| Level of development Inferred demand compared with productivity | Moderate (class II) | Read by us from the guide's table of demand against productivity; where it gives two classes the mapper chose with local knowledge. Heavy (I): new wells should be carefully assessed; moderate (II): given careful thought; light (III): more use is usually fine if the aquifer can supply it. |
Ratings are the province's, set when the aquifer was mapped (2024) from wells, geology and local studies. Vulnerability is about the ground, not what's built on it: a well-protected aquifer under a busy area can still be at more risk than an exposed one in the bush.
Sources: Ground Water Aquifers, Water Protection and Sustainability Branch, Province of BC and Groundwater Wells (GWELLS), Province of BC, as published on October 1, 2026 (Open Government Licence – British Columbia); ratings explained after Berardinucci and Ronneseth (2002), Guide to Using the BC Aquifer Classification Maps for the Protection and Management of Groundwater, BC Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection. Summaries by PlaceDossier.
The wells in it
137 wells on record are linked to this aquifer.
| Wells linked | 137 (120 water-supply) |
|---|---|
| Water-supply well depth | median 61 m; middle half 40.8 m to 85.5 m (120 wells) |
| Tested yield | median 30.3 L/min; middle half 18.9 L/min to 56.8 L/min (110 wells tested) |
| Water level below ground | median 12.2 m when drilled (87 wells) |
| Flowing (artesian) wells | 5: water rose to or above the ground when drilled |
| Drilled | 1957 to 2024 |
This aquifer's medianIts middle half of wellsAnother BC aquifer's median
Depths are how deep the driller finished the well; yields are the driller's test, often an hour or less, in litres per minute. A domestic well's yield is usually judged against the household's peak use; ask a driller what's enough for yours.
Where it is
Outline simplified by us from the provincial map; not for locating a lot.
| Kind | Fractured sedimentary rock |
|---|---|
| Geological unit | Fractured sedimentary/crystalline rock of the Mesozoic and Paleozoic era |
| Location, as described | Along the Salmo River and Erie and Beaver Creek |
| Area | 809 km² |
| Water quality concerns | None documented |
| Mapped | 2024 |
Bedrock: water moves through cracks in the rock, so two wells close together can find very different amounts. The province's page for this aquifer lists the studies behind it and its observation wells: GWELLS aquifer 493.
Sources: Ground Water Aquifers, Water Protection and Sustainability Branch, Province of BC and Groundwater Wells (GWELLS), Province of BC, as published on October 1, 2026 (Open Government Licence – British Columbia); ratings explained after Berardinucci and Ronneseth (2002), Guide to Using the BC Aquifer Classification Maps for the Protection and Management of Groundwater, BC Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection. Summaries by PlaceDossier.
What this record doesn't cover
The province maps aquifers where wells and studies give enough to go on, mostly in settled valleys; most of BC isn't mapped, and a lot outside every outline can still have groundwater. Outlines are drawn from geology and well logs at the scale of the study, so an edge can be well off on the ground, and one aquifer can lie under another. Wells are linked to an aquifer by provincial staff from the driller's log: not every well inside an outline is linked, and well depths and yields are as the driller reported them, often from a short test.
These are mapped ratings and drillers' records, not a test of any one lot. Before you buy a property on a well, or plan to drill, ask a qualified hydrogeologist or a registered well driller what this aquifer gives where you are, and test the water.